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Tue-Ses3-P3:
Phonetics
This is the final program for this session. For oral sessions, the timing on the left is the current presentation order, but this may still change, so please check at the conference itself.
| Time: | Tuesday 16:00 | Place: | International Conference Room C | Type: | Poster |
| Chair: | Takayuki Arai | ||||
| #1 | When is Indexical Information about Speech Activated? Evidence from a Cross-Modal Priming Experiment |
| (University of Minnesota) (University of Minnesota) | |
| Listeners were asked to judge talkers' sex from audio samples. Pictures of men, women, or a neutral visual stimulus were presented concurrent with, 150 ms before, or 150 ms after the spoken stimulus. Listeners' identification of sex for men's voices was most strongly affected by the visual stimulus when it was presented 150 ms after the stimulus. Voice-picture mismatches affected recognition of women's voices earlier than recognition of men's. Thus, while indexical information might most typically be activated late in processing, some socioindexical categories like sex can be activated early and remain active throughout processing. | |
| #2 | THE INFLUENCE OF ACTUAL AND PERCEIVED SEXUAL ORIENTATION ON DIADOCHOKINETIC RATE IN WOMEN AND MEN |
| (University of Minnesota) | |
| Numerous studies have documented distinctive patterns of phonetic variation associated with actual and perceived sexual orientation. This investigation tested the hypothesis that these are the consequence of variation in speech-motor fluency. Gay, lesbian/bisexual (GLB), and heterosexual men and women participated in a diadochokinetic rate task. No consistent differences between GLB and heterosexual people in DDK rate were found, and DDK rate did not correlate directly with independently made listener judgments of sex typicality in speech. Results do not support the hypothesis that GLB speech styles are the consequence of motor control differences between GLB and heterosexual people. | |
| #3 | Laryngealization and features for Chinese tonal recognition |
| (University of California, Los Angeles) | |
| It is well known that the lowest tone in Mandarin, a language without contrastive phonation, often co-occurs with laryngealization/creaky voice quality, and we provide evidence that this is also the case for the lowest tone in Cantonese. However, the effects of laryngealization on f0 feature extraction for tonal recognition, as well as the potential of laryngealization as a feature for improving tonal recognition, have not been well-discussed in the literature. We give evidence from a corpora of tonal production data for Cantonese and Mandarin that laryngealization is prevalent and significantly disturbs the extraction of f0 features, and suggest that laryngealization may in fact be a feature that could improve tonal recognition. | |
| #4 | Production and perception of Vietnamese short vowels in V1V2 context |
| (MICA Center, HUT - CNRS/UMI2954 INP Grenoble, Hanoi university of Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet street - Hanoi, Vietnam) (MICA Center, HUT - CNRS/UMI2954 INP Grenoble, Hanoi university of Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet street - Hanoi, Vietnam) (Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage, URM 5596, CNRS, Université Lyon 2, 14 Avenue Marcelin Berthelot, 69363 Lyon cedex 07, France) | |
| The paper analyses Vietnamese vowel-semivowel productions, including classical and shorter vowels in terms of the vowel duration in relation with the final semivowel duration, the formant transition duration, and the formant transition slopes. The results show that in the vowel-semivowel context, there is a relationship between the vowel duration and the final semivowel duration. Moreover, in the same context of a final semivowel, classical and shorter vowels can be differentiated by at least one of the formant transition slopes. This allows estimating the role of the final part in its articulation with shorter vowels in Vietnamese. | |
| #5 | Measuring Basic Tempo across Languages and some Implications for Speech Rhythm |
| (Department of Linguistics and Computational Linguistics, University of Klagenfurt, Austria) (Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Klagenfurt, Austria) | |
| Basic language-inherent tempo cannot be isolated by the current metrics of speech rhythm. Here we propose the number of syllables per intonation unit as an appropriate measure, also for large-scale comparisons between languages. Applying it to an extended sample of in the meantime 51 languages has not only corroborated our previously reported negative cross-linguistic correlation of this metric with syllable complexity, but has revealed, moreover, significant correlations with several in part directly time-dependent rhythm measures proposed by other authors. We discuss relations between intrinsic tempo and (a) other facets of rhythm and (b) rhythm classifications of language. | |
| #6 | Durational structure of Japanese single/geminate stops in three- and four-mora words spoken at varied rates |
| (Colgate University) (Aichi Shukutoku University) | |
| To distinguish Japanese single and geminate stops in two- and three-mora words spoken at varied speaking rates, the ratio of stop closure to the word in native speakers’ production was previously found to be a reliable measure. It was not clear, however, whether the stop closure relates more stably (1) to the entire “word” of any length than just (2) to the moras preceding and following the contrasting stops. This study examined this question with three- and four-mora nonsense words in Japanese. Results indicate that the stop closure duration relative to both of the units (1) and (2) were equally useful in accurately classifying single and geminate stops. This implies that the anchor to which the contrasting stop duration normalizes across rates does not have to be the entire “word” although the word is also a stable anchor. | |
| #7 | Distribution and Trichotomic Realization of Voiced Velars in Japanese – An Experimental Study |
| (Division of Arts and Sciences, International Christian University, Japan) (Phonetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Foreign Studies, Sophia University, Japan) | |
| In this paper, we demonstrate the trichotomic realization of voiced velars in Japanese, challenging the traditional plosive/nasal dichotomy of velar allophones, and examine the distribution of these allophones taking phonetic/phonological factors into account. We conducted the quantitative analysis based on some speech production experiments. The results show that voiced velars are more likely to realize as plosives in word-initial positions, as nasals in post-nasal positions, and as fricatives in sequential contexts; velars in word-initial positions can realize as fricatives; the decline of velarnasalization has been accelerated; following vowels and dialectal differences can affect the distribution. | |
| #8 | SPECIFICATION IN CONTEXT - DEVOICING PROCESSES IN POLISH, FRENCH, AMERICAN ENGLISH AND GERMAN SONORANTS |
| (Universität Stuttgart) (Universität Bonn, Universität Stuttgart) (Universität Stuttgart) | |
| This study investigates voicing properties of Polish, French, American English and German sonorant consonants, particularly rhotics. The analysis was conducted on four speech databases recorded by professional speakers. The term voicing profiles used in this article refers to the frame by frame voicing status of the sonorants, which was obtained by automatic measurements of fundamental frequency values and extraction of consonantal features. Results show resyllabification processes in Polish and French obstruent liquid clusters in word final positions, as well as contextual effects on devoicing in word initial and word medial American English and German obstruent sonorant clusters. | |
| #9 | Phonetic imitation of Japanese vowel devoicing |
| (Linguistics Department, Oakland University) | |
| Recent studies have shown that talkers implicitly imitate/accommodate the phonetic properties of recently heard speech (e.g., Goldinger 1998; Pardo, 2006). However, it has also been shown that this phonetic imitation effect is not an automatic process: in Nielsen (2008), the artificially lengthened VOT on /p/ was imitated in a non-shadowing task, while shortened VOT (which could jeopardize phonemic contrast) was not imitated. The current study explores the extent to which phonological factors unrelated to contrast preservation also affect imitation of phonetic details, specifically, Japanese vowel devoicing. The results revealed significant imitation of Japanese devoicing, indicating that even in phonologically constrained environments, perceived fine phonetic details are imitable and can subsequently affect speech production . | |
| #10 | Post-aspiration in standard Italian: some first cross-regional acoustic evidence |
| (Institut für Phonetik und Sprachverarbeitung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany) (School of Languages & Linguistics, University of Melbourne, Australia) | |
| Voiceless geminate stops in Italian are typically described as unaspirated in all positions (e.g. [1, 2]). However, recent acoustic phonetic analysis of part of a corpus of standard Italian speech data has shown that the geminate voiceless stops /pp tt kk/ are frequently realized with both preaspiration i.e. [hC] (cf. [3]) and post-aspiration. This paper focuses on the latter phenomenon, presenting acoustic phonetic evidence in the form of VOT duration values for /pp tt kk/ tokens recorded in 15 Italian cities (based on the CLIPS corpus of spoken Italian [4, 5]). The co-occurrence of post-aspiration with preaspiration is considered and results are discussed with a focus on regional patterns. | |
| #11 | Articulatory Grounding of Southern Salentino Harmony Processes |
| (Centro di Ricerca Interdisciplinare sul Linguaggio (CRIL), University of Salento, Lecce (Italy)) (Department of Linguistics—University of Connecticut (USA)) (Centro di Ricerca Interdisciplinare sul Linguaggio (CRIL), University of Salento, Lecce (Italy)) (Centro di Ricerca Interdisciplinare sul Linguaggio (CRIL), University of Salento, Lecce (Italy) & Department of Linguistics—University of Padova (Italy)) (Centro di Ricerca Interdisciplinare sul Linguaggio (CRIL), University of Salento, Lecce (Italy)) | |
| Southern Salentino has a harmony process, where the stressed mid vowels /E, O/ are raised to the mid-high vowels /e, o/ when followed by -i or -u. We studied this process by combining acoustic analyses with ultrasound tongue imaging. The main result of our study is that the Southern Salentino harmonic adjustments in height, which are acoustically manifested in the differentiation of F1, are articulatorily correlated with tongue root advancement when the process is triggered by -i and with tongue body raising when the process is triggered by -u. We propose a phonological analysis of the process based on these findings. | |
| #12 | Effects of accent typicality and phonotactic frequency on nonword immediate serial recall performance in Japanese |
| (Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Japan) (School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK) (Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Japan) (School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, UK) | |
| In a nonword serial recall experiment we found following results: (1) Phonotactically high frequent nonwords were recalled better than low ones in terms of phoneme accuracy; (2) but this phonotactic frequency effect was not observed in accent accuracy. (3) Accent typicality did not have an expected effect on phoneme recall accuracy; (4) but it had an effect on accent accuracy. These results suggest that both long-term knowledge about phoneme sequences and accent patterns have strong influences on verbal short-term memory performance, but those influences might be limited to each particular domain. | |
| #13 | How abstract is phonetics |
| (The Ohio State University, Department of Speech and Hearing Science) | |
| Assuming a generative principle of description for speech utterances, in particular a syllable-based phonological representation and the C/D model of phonetic implementation of uterrances, the basic question is discussed: how abstract phonetic representations as an optimal symbolic description of speech utterances should be. Several examples from a variety of languages in the world, including Kaingang (a Je language spoken by some indiginous Barazilians), which requires a phonological specification of oral syllables, as opposed to the default nasal syllables, are discussed. The advantage of using syllabic features and their implementations for concise phonetic description for particular languages is advocated. Index Terms: syllable features, C/D model |
